Deploying enhanced security for blockchain MFA wireless virtual-key access management for industrial frontiers

Abstract

The increased adoption of automated devices and its utilization to advance data processing in many facets of societal tasks and demand operations has continued to birth accompanying security challenges. Physical infrastructures today integrates within them automated units to upscale traditional issues. The recent proliferation of automated door access with innovative embedded units employs a centralized design with single-factor authentication, which has proven inefficient for safeguarding restricted environments. Other challenges of data corruption, theft, mishandle of user credentials, all of which can be compromised due to its single point of access control. This study advances enhanced access security for virtual key door infrastructure via a blockchain-MFA strategy. It implements secure, scalable access control with a 3-layered framework of PIN + RFID + Biometric, validated using smart contracts on a blockchain network. The results demonstrated improvements in security, transparency, and auditability compared to traditional door access control, especially against adversarial attacks from single-point failures and credential vulnerabilities. Our prototype unit demonstrates 3-factor authentication for improved security that ensures forensic traceability of every authentication attempt, making it a viable solution for institutions with high-security needs.